Apparatus for filtering liquids.



PATENTED JULY 4, 1905. SI H. JOHNSON.

APPARATUS POR FILTERING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.6, 1904.

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No. 793.725. PATENTED JULY 4, 1905. S. H. JOHNSON.

APPARATUS POR PILTERING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.6, 1904.

2 BHEBTS-SREET 2.

NTTED STATES Patented July 4, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL HENRY JOHNSON, OF STRATFORD, LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO S. H. JOHNSON AND COMPANY, LIMITED, OF STRATFORD, LONDON,

ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR FILTERING LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,725, dated July 4, 1905.

i Application filed September 6, 1904. Serial No. 2723,410.

To rr/Z/ 11171/0771, t may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL HENRY J OHN- SON, a subject of the King of England, residing at Stratford, London, England, have in- 5 vented certain new and useful improvements in Apparatus for Filtering Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for filtering liquids, and

1o is specially applicable to the filtration of volatile or aerated liquids or in any case in which filtration has to be carried out under pressure-for example, when filtering beers or wines supersaturated with carbonio acid.

According to this invention the filterpress comprises a series of filter-chambers inclosed within, an air-tight and water-tight casing. The casing may be secured on a base-plate provided with the necessary inlets and outlets for the liquid to be filtered. Preferably the base-plate carries a central vertical tie-rod, and a series of horizontal plates having central aperturesv are threaded onto the rod, and the apertures form with the rod an annular inlet-space. A follower is placed on the top of the plates, fitting onto the tie-rod with a stuffing-box or the like.

ln arranging the filter-chambers according to this invention the filter-plates carry sheets .of filtering material on both faces and contact with one another at their outer edges. The central joints between adjacent plates are formed by elastic collars perforated to introduce the liquid between the plates from the annular passage.

In order to remove large particles of solid matter from the liquid before it enters the lter-chambers, the base-plate may be provided with an inlet-passage and a central feed-passage, with a straining-plate arranged between them, so that the liquid before entering the annular passage has to pass down through the straining-plate.

In carrying out the process of filtration in certain cases it is advantageous to add to the liquid first introduced a small proportion of kieselguhr, which coats all the surfaces of the filtering media with a thin film of kieselguhr.

forming the filter-chambers.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical section of a filter-press and feedingreceiver, illustrating one method of carrying this invention into effect. Fig. 2 is a detail vertical section showing the method of attaching the casing to the base-plate. Fig. 3 is a detail plan of part of one filter-plate as threaded onto the central tie-rod and Fig. 4 is a detail vertical section of two adjacent plates, illustrating the joints between them.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

On a base-plate or platen A is attached a vertical tie-rod B, and a series of recessed plates C, having circular apertures C at the center, are threaded onto the tie-rod B and rest on the base-plate A. Projections C2 are formed inside the apertures C to form guides which insure the correct registration of the joint-surfaces of the plates C one on the other. On the top of the series of plates C a follower D is threaded over the central tie-rod B in the same way as the plates; but the follower D is provided with a stuffing-box D and a gland D2, so as to make a water-tight joint round the bolt between the interior and exterior of the filter-chambers. A nut D3 is screwed onto the top of the tie-rod B and serves to close and tighten the joints at the rims and centers of the consecutive plates The plates forming the filter are provided with grooved or bossed drainage-surfaces, preferably in the form of truncated pyramids C3. The outlets C1 for filtrate from the chambers are carried sides of each plate C are provided with filtering material E, and in order to insure a tight joint between the filtering material and the .filter-plates round the central holes C an elasi tic collar F is employed, having perforations F for the admission of liquid between the filtering-sheets on the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal filtering-chambers. This collar F is made slightly deeper than the space in which it is confined after the machine is screwed up for work, so that a properV amount of compression shall be exerted sufficient to close the joints between the ltering material E and the metal plates C. The eX- ternal joint at the circumference C5 of the plates is truly faced, and the joints are made both at the center and at the circumference by screwing up the center bolt B. These collars F may be made of india-rubber or other elastic material of suitable character adapted to the liquid to be filtered. Thus, for instance, if beer or wine were the liquid being filtered, india-rubber may be used.y In the case of bisuld of carbon, on the other hand, another elastic material would have to be used insoluble therein-such, for instance, as the elastic compound of glue and treacle used for makin printers rollers, which is insoluble in bisuilfid of carbon-or the collars may be metallic with springs to give the necessary elasticity.

The series of filtering-chambers arranged as described and bolted together by means of the central tie-rod B is fed through a passage A in the base-plate delivering into the annular space formed by the central tie-rod B and the center hole C in the filter-plates, the liquid to be ltered being then led into each chamber through the apertures F in the elastic collars F. On forcing the liquid into the filter-press when the cells have been filled and the flow of the incoming liquid is continued under pressure the only means of eXit for the liquid is through the filtering material E and the outlets C4, as in an ordinary filter-press.

In order to prevent evaporation in case f volatile liquids or loss of pressure in case of liquids saturated with carbonio acid or other gas or contact with the air in the case of other liquids injured thereby, a strong metallic casing G is provided capable of sustaining the working ressure for which the apparatus is designe This casing where circular plates are employed is preferably of cylindrical form, with a dome G on the top and a strong strengthening ring or flange G2 round the base, truly faced and making a joint upon an elastic packing-ring I-I, let into a groove A2 in the platen or base-plate A and secured thereon water tight by means of bolts J3, attached to lugs or a flange A3 round the platen. This casing or bell G is provided with an air-cock K at the top, so that when the filter is first started the whole of the air in the interior of the filter may be displaced, after which the air-cock is closed. Handles Gr3 or other means of lifting the casing may be provided.

A11 inlet-passage A4 is formed in one side of the base-plate and has connected thereto a cock L, preferably a three-way cock. An outlet-port A5 is also formed in the baseplate communicating with the annular space between the filter-plates and the casing, and preferably a three-way outlet-cock M is attached to the outlet.

In the case of beer, wine, or other liquids where particles of solid matter, such as hops and the like, may be present a strainingchamber is formed in the base-plate and is provided with a perforated metal strainingplate N, with perforations of suitable size for removing the solid particles and preventing them from obstructing the small inletorifices F through the elastic collars into the filtering-cells. The inlet-port A4 is bent upward, and the straining-plate N is placed between the inlet-port A4 and the feeding-'passage A, so that the material before entering the inlet-passage A has to pass down through the straining-plate, so that the whole of the matter strained out of the liquid under operation remains on the top of the strainingplate and can be easily removed.

The tank or receiver O, provided with an air-tight cover O, a pipe leading to the filter-v press, and an outlet-valve for air is usedl when kieselguhr is added to the liquid.

The operation is as follows: When the filter is put in operation, the outlet-port A5 is closed, the air-cock K is opened, and liquid is fed in through the inlet-port A4 until the whole of the air in the casing has been displaced through the air-cock, which is then closed and the outlet-port A5 is opened. The liquid may be forced through until the surfaces of the ltering material are so clogged that they can no longer be advantageously used or else until the chambers have been filled with the solid matter removed from the liquid. The inlet and outlet cocks are then turned so as to drain out the liquid both from the interior of the chambers and from the casing. The casing is then removed and the filteringmaterial replaced. three-way cocks may be replaced by separato inlet and outlet valves and drain-cocks.

In the case of fermented liquids, such as beers or wines, which are filtered under pres-v sure, these may be delivered from the filter to a bottling-machine or the like without material loss of pressure. It is to be understood that the details of the apparatus may be varied without depart-v ing from this invention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a filter-press for volatile and aerated liquids the combination of a series of recessed filter-plates having central inlets and circumferential outlets and arranged in contact with each other so that their recessed parts form a series of chambers, filtering material held by If desired, the

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the plates between the outlets and the eham bers, a plate on the end of the series having an inlet-port communicating with the cen' tral inlets for the 'liquid and an outlet-port for the filtrate, a gas-tight casing for inclosing the said chambers and means for hermetically jointing the casing to the'base-plate.

2. ln a lter-press for volatileand aerated liquids the combination of a series of recessed filter-plates having a central feed-space and circumferential outlets and arranged in contact with each other so that their recessed parts form a series of chambers, filtering material held by the plates between the outlets and the chambers, a central rod for holding the chambers together and forming with the chambers a central annularfeed-space, a plate on the end of the series having an inlet-port communicating with the central feed-space for the liquid and an outlet-port for the iiltrate and means for closing one end of the central annular feed-space and causing the liquid to pass radially from the said space through the filter-chambers.

3. ln a filter-press for volatile and aerated liquids the combination of a series of recessed filter-plates having a central feed-space and circumferential outlets and arranged in eontact with each other so that their recessed parts form a series of chambers, filtering material held by the plates between the outlets and the chambers, a central rod for holding the chambers together and forming with the chambers acentral annular feed-space, a plate on the end of the series having an inlet-port communicating with the central feed-space for the liquid and an outlet-port for the 'Eltrate, means for closing one end of the cen tral annular feed-space and causing the liquid to pass radially from the said space through the filter-chambers, a gas-tight casing forv inclosing the said chambers and means for hermetically jointing the casing to the base-plate.

4. ln a filter-press for volatile or aerated liquids the combination ofa series of filterchambers having circumferential outlets, a plate on the end of the series having an inletport communicating with the central annular feed-space for the liquid and an outletport for the iiltrate, a horizontal strainingplate situated between the inlet-port of the end plate of the series of chambers and the central feed-space of the chambers, a gastight casing for inelosing the said chambers and means for hermetically jointing the casing to the end plate.

5. ln a filter-press for volatile or aerated liquids the combination of a series of recessed filter-plates centrally and circumferentially perforated and horizontally arranged one above the other so that their recessed parts form a series of chambers, elastic perforated packing-rings disposed between the plates and around their central perforations to form a central feed-space with the plates, filtering material on the faces of the plates between the central feed-space and the circumferential outlets of the plates, a horizontal end plate having an inlet-port communicating with a central inlet-passage for the liquid and leading into the central feed-space of the filter-chambers, a horizontal follower closing the upper end of the said central feed-space, a central vertical tie-rod connected to the end plate passing centrally through the vertical feed space secured in a fluid tight manner to the follower and holding the filterplates in position.

6. In a filter-press for volatile or aerated liquids the combination of a series of recessed filter-plates centrally and circumferentially perforated and horizontally arranged one above the other so that their recessed parts form a series of chambers, elastic perforated packing-rings disposed between the plates and around their centralperforations to form a central feed-space with the plates, filtering material on the faces of the plates between the central feed-space and the circumferential outlets of the plates, a horizontal end plate having an inlet-port communicating with a central inlet-passage for the liquid and leading into the central feed-space of the filter-chambers, a horizontal follower closing the upper end of the said central feed-space, a central vertical tie-rod connected to the end plate passing centrally through the vertical feed-space secured in a fluid-tight manner to the follower and holding the filter-plates in position, a gasetight removable cylindrical casing, closed at one end and adapted to fit the horizontal end .plate at the other, and bolts to engage both the gas-tight casing and the end plate and to hermetically joint them together.

7. In a lter-press for volatile or aerated liquids the combination of a seriesof recessed filter-plates centrally and circumferentially perforated and horizontally arranged one 'above the other so that their recessed parts form a series of chambers, elastic perforated packing-rings disposed between the plates and around their central perforations to form a central feed-space with the plates, filtering material on the faces of the plates between the central feed-space and the circumferential outlets of the plates, a horizontal end plate having an inlet-port communicating with a central inlet-passage for the liquid and leading into the central feed-space of the filter-chambers, a horizontal straining-plate situated between the inlet-port and the said central inlet-passage, a horizontal follower closing the upper end of the said central feed- IOO IIO

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space, a central vertical tie-rod connected to f the end plate passing centrally through the vertical feed-space secured in a fluid-tight manner to the follower and holding the filterplates in position, a gas-tight removable eylindrioal easing closed at one end and adapted to t the horizontal end'plate at the other, and bolts to engage both the gas-tight easing and the end plate. and to hermetieally joint them together.

'rear/e5.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL HENRY JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

HARRY B. BRIDGE, CLAUDE MCKENZIE. 

